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Educating children can help slow the spread of HIV/AIDS in Africa

Audrey Micah, Ghanadot

Accra, April 28, Ghanadot - Universal primary education could save at least 7 million young people worldwide from contracting HIV over a decade (700,000 cases a year), according to a recent report from the Global Campaign for Education.

About 36 percent of young adults in low-income countries never completed primary school, but they account for an estimated 55 percent of new HIV cases among young people.

Education can serve as a “social vaccine” against HIV, especially for school-age children and young adults.  

A review published in 2003 in Social Science and Medicine on 11 studies of school-based HIV prevention programs for youth in Sub-Saharan Africa found that it is easier to establish low-risk behavours and build knowledge around prevention among younger students who are not yet sexually active.  Reaching children when they are young is thus very important.

Given that the HIV infection rate in many developing countries is growing fastest among teenage girls, educating girls may be critical to breaking the pattern.  

Girls who attend school are far more likely to understand the risks involved in risky behavour, to reject the myths associated with sex, and in the case of good school programs know how to use effective refusal tactics in difficult sexual situations.

Schools provide a ready-made infrastructure for reaching the world’s children with education to change behavour before they become infected.  Unfortunately, HIV/AIDS is also undermining education systems and pulling children, especially girls, out of school.  

In Zimbabwe , for example, a UNESCO study of five provinces found that more than three-fourths of the children pulled out of school to care for relatives with AIDS are young girls.  

In these circumstances, it is critical to simultaneously attack HIV/AIDS and work to preserve and improve the school system, incorporating education on HIV/AIDS as a critical part of teaching. 

In Ghana, as at 2008, over 260,000 people are living with AIDS, The Ghana AIDS Commission in 2005 collaborated with partners and representatives of key stakeholders and agreed on a National Strategic Framework, accompanied by a five-year programme of work to provide the framework for the national response from 2006 to 2010.

The NDC government has promised Ghanaians to help in the fight against AIDS in the country. Also there have been early and sustained HIV prevention efforts. For example, effective HIV prevention campaigns have been carried out recently across the nation, and that has reflected in the relatively low adult HIV prevalence rate. 

Ghanadot

 

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